![]() ![]() ![]() MTF assesses the extent of drug use among adolescents (8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders) and young adults across the country. Its use can result in cardiovascular collapse and death. Other effects of methamphetamine include respiratory problems, irregular heartbeat, and extreme anorexia. Methamphetamine causes increased heart rate and blood pressure and can cause irreversible damage to blood vessels in the brain, producing strokes. Hyperthermia and convulsions can result in death. Other CNS effects include irritability, insomnia, confusion, tremors, convulsions, anxiety, paranoia, and aggressiveness. The central nervous system (CNS) actions that result from taking even small amounts of methamphetamine include increased wakefulness, increased physical activity, decreased appetite, increased respiration, hyperthermia, and euphoria. Dopamine- and serotonin-containing neurons do not die after methamphetamine use, but their nerve endings (“terminals”) are cut back, and regrowth appears to be limited. ![]() Users may become addicted quickly, and use it with increasing frequency and in increasing doses.Īnimal research going back more than 20 years shows that high doses of methamphetamine damage neuron cell endings. Oral or intranasal use produces euphoria-a high, but not a rush. Immediately after smoking or intravenous injection, the methamphetamine user experiences an intense sensation, called a “rush” or “flash,” that lasts only a few minutes and is described as extremely pleasurable. Methamphetamine is taken orally or intranasally (snorting the powder), by intravenous injection, and by smoking. Over time, methamphetamine appears to cause reduced levels of dopamine, which can result in symptoms like those of Parkinson’s disease, a severe movement disorder. It also appears to have a neurotoxic effect, damaging brain cells that contain dopamine as well as serotonin, another neurotransmitter. Methamphetamine releases high levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which stimulates brain cells, enhancing mood and body movement. Street methamphetamine is referred to by many names, such as “speed,” “meth,” and “chalk.” Methamphetamine hydrochloride, clear chunky crystals resembling ice, which can be inhaled by smoking, is referred to as “ice,” “crystal,” “glass,” and “tina.” Methamphetamine is made in illegal laboratories and has a high potential for abuse and addiction. Both drugs have some limited therapeutic uses, primarily in the treatment of obesity. Methamphetamine is chemically related to amphetamine, but the central nervous system effects of methamphetamine are greater. Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant drug that strongly activates certain systems in the brain. ![]()
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